綿忻 Miánxīn
Biography
瑞懷親王綿忻
瑞懷親王綿忻，仁宗第四子。嘉慶二十四年，封瑞親王。道光三年，命在內廷行走。八年七月，薨，諡曰懷。子奕約甫晬，上命定親王奕紹檢察邸第官吏，內務府大臣敬徵治家政。十月，奕約襲郡王，予半俸。尋更名奕志。三十年五月，薨，諡曰敏。無子。賜綿忻福晉郡王半俸。咸豐三年，福晉薨，复賜奕志福晉郡王半俸。
十年，命以惇親王子載漪為奕志後，襲貝勒。同治十一年，大婚，命食貝勒全俸。光緒十五年，加郡王銜。十九年九月，授為御前大臣。二十年，進封端郡王。循故事，宜仍舊號；更曰端者，述旨誤，遂因之。載漪福晉，承恩公桂祥女，太后侄也。二十四年，太后復訓政。二十五年正月，賜載漪子溥？頭品頂帶。十二月，上承太后命，溥？入為穆宗後，號「大阿哥」，命在弘德殿讀書，以承恩公尚書崇綺、大學士徐桐為之傅。明年元旦，大高殿、奉先殿行禮，以溥？代。都下流言將下詔禪位，大學士榮祿與慶親王奕劻以各國公使有異同，諫止。
二十六年，義和拳亂起，載漪篤信之，以為義民，亂遂熾。五月，命充總理各國事務大臣。義和拳擊殺日本使館書記杉山彬，复及德國使臣克林德，圍攻東交民巷使館。八月，諸國聯軍自天津逼京師，上奉太后出狩，載漪及溥？皆從。次大同，命載漪為軍機大臣，未踰月罷。命奕劻與大學士李鴻章議和，諸國目載漪為首禍。十二月，奪爵，戍新疆。二十七年十月，上奉太后還京師。次開封，諭：「載漪縱義和拳，獲罪祖宗，其子溥？不宜膺儲位，廢'大阿哥'名號。」賜公銜俸，歸宗。
二十八年六月，別以醇賢親王奕枻子鎮國公載洵為奕志後，襲貝勒。宣統間，為海軍部尚書。改海軍部大臣，加郡王銜。
Prince Ruihuai of the First Rank, Mianxin
Prince Ruihuai of the First Rank, Mianxin, was the fourth son of Renzong. In the twenty-fourth year of Jiaqing he was enfeoffed as Prince Rui of the First Rank. In the third year of Daoguang he was ordered to attend in the Inner Court. In the seventh month of the eighth year he died, and was given the posthumous name Huai. His son Yiyue was barely a year old; the emperor ordered Yishao, Prince Ding of the First Rank, to supervise the officials of the princely residence, and Jingzheng, Minister of the Imperial Household Department, to manage the household affairs. In the tenth month Yiyue inherited the rank of Prince of the Second Rank, with half the stipend. Soon afterwards his name was changed to Yizhi. In the fifth month of the thirtieth year he died, and was given the posthumous name Min. He had no son. Mianxin's consort was granted half the stipend of a Prince of the Second Rank. In the third year of Xianfeng the consort died, and Yizhi's consort was again granted half the stipend of a Prince of the Second Rank. Edit
In the tenth year, it was ordered that Zaiyi, son of Prince Dun of the First Rank, be made Yizhi's heir and inherit the rank of beile. In the eleventh year of Tongzhi, at the emperor's wedding, he was ordered to draw the full stipend of a beile. In the fifteenth year of Guangxu he was given the added rank of a Prince of the Second Rank. In the ninth month of the nineteenth year he was appointed Minister in Attendance. In the twentieth year he was advanced and enfeoffed as Prince Duan of the Second Rank. By precedent he should have kept his former title; that it was changed to Duan was an error in conveying the edict, and it was followed from then on. Zaiyi's consort was a daughter of Guixiang, Duke Chengen, a niece of the Empress Dowager. In the twenty-fourth year the Empress Dowager again took over the instruction of the government. In the first month of the twenty-fifth year, Zaiyi's son Pujun was granted the button of the first rank. In the twelfth month, the emperor, receiving the Empress Dowager's command, brought Pujun in as heir to Muzong, with the title "Da Age", and ordered him to study in the Hongde Hall, with Chongqi, Duke Chengen and Minister, and the Grand Secretary Xu Tong as his tutors. On the New Year's Day of the next year, at the ceremonies in the Dagao Hall and the Fengxian Hall, Pujun took the emperor's place. Rumours spread in the capital that an edict would be issued abdicating the throne; the Grand Secretary Ronglu and Yikuang, Prince Qing of the First Rank, because the ministers of the various countries had differing opinions, remonstrated and stopped it. Edit
In the twenty-sixth year, when the Boxer disorder arose, Zaiyi trusted them wholeheartedly and held them to be righteous people, and the disorder blazed up. In the fifth month he was appointed to head the Zongli Yamen. The Boxers killed Sugiyama Akira, a secretary of the Japanese legation, and then the German minister von Ketteler, and besieged the legations at Dongjiaomin Lane. In the eighth month the combined armies of the powers pressed on the capital from Tianjin, and the emperor, escorting the Empress Dowager, fled on a hunting progress; Zaiyi and Pujun both followed. At Datong, Zaiyi was ordered to be a Grand Councillor, but was dismissed before a month had passed. Yikuang and the Grand Secretary Li Hongzhang were ordered to negotiate peace, and the powers named Zaiyi as the chief author of the calamity. In the twelfth month he was deprived of his rank and sent to garrison duty in Xinjiang. In the tenth month of the twenty-seventh year the emperor escorted the Empress Dowager back to the capital. At Kaifeng an edict said: "Zaiyi gave free rein to the Boxers and offended against the ancestors. His son Pujun is not fit to hold the position of heir; the title 'Da Age' is abolished." He was granted the title and stipend of a duke, and returned to his own line. Edit
In the sixth month of the twenty-eighth year, Zaixun, Duke Who Guards the State, son of Yixuan, Prince Chunxian of the First Rank, was separately made Yizhi's heir and inherited the rank of beile. In the Xuantong period he was Minister of the Ministry of the Navy. When it was changed to Minister of the Navy, he was given the added rank of a Prince of the Second Rank. Edit
The English was translated from the original by an AI, not checked sentence by sentence by a person, and is for reference; where it differs from the original, the original is right. Names are in pinyin. If a sentence is wrong, use “Edit” after the paragraph to correct it - no need to sign in.
Source: 清史稿 卷二百二十一 列传八 诸王七 (Draft History of Qing, juan 221, Biographies 8: Princes 7)
Wikipedia: Mianxin · Chinese Wikipedia: 綿忻 · Baidu Baike: 绵忻 (an article of the same name, not checked to be him)
Children (1)
- 奕誌 Yìzhì
Source
From the historical record: the notes below say where · qing-zongshi-01015
Notes (2)
- [Source] 清史稿 卷一百六十五 表五 皇子世表五 Draft History of Qing, juan 165, Table 5: Genealogical Table of the Emperors' Sons 5
- [Collation note] 表云：「仁宗第四子。嘉慶二十四年封瑞親王，道光八年薨，諡曰懷」 The table: “Fourth son of Renzong. In Jiaqing 24 (1819), made Prince Rui of the First Rank. In Daoguang 8 (1828), died, given the posthumous name Huai.”