岳託 Yuètuō
Biography
子 克勤郡王 岳託
克勤郡王岳託，代善第一子。初授台吉。天命六年，師略奉集堡，將還，諜告明軍所在，岳託偕台吉德格類擊敗之。上克沈陽，明總兵李秉誠引退，師從之，至白塔鋪。岳託後至，逐北四十里，殲明兵三千餘。喀爾喀紥魯特貝勒昂安執我使送葉赫，被殺。八年，岳託同台吉阿巴泰討之，斬昂安及其子。十一年，復從代善伐紥魯特，斬其部長鄂爾齋圖，俘其。封貝勒。
天聰元年，偕貝勒阿敏、濟爾哈朗伐朝鮮，克義州、定州、漢山三城。渡嘉山江，克安州，次平壤，其守將棄城走。再進，次中和，諭朝鮮國王李倧降。阿敏欲直攻王京，岳託密與濟爾哈朗議駐平山，再使諭倧。倧原歲貢方物，岳託謀曰：「吾曹事已集，蒙古與明皆吾敵，設有警，可不為備乎？宜與盟而歸。」既盟，告阿敏。阿敏以未與盟，縱兵掠。岳託曰：「盟成而掠，非義也。」勸之不可。復令倧弟覺與盟，乃還師。
從上伐明，又從圍寧遠，並有功。覆敗明兵於牛莊。二年，略明邊，隳錦州、杏山、高橋三城。自十三站以東，毀堠二十一，殺守者三十人。師還，上迎勞，賜良馬一。三年，略明錦州、寧遠，焚其積聚。上伐明，岳託與濟爾哈朗率右翼兵夜攻大安口，毀水門入，敗馬蘭營援兵於城下。及旦，見明兵營山上，分兵授濟爾哈朗擊之，岳託駐山下以待。復見明兵自遵化來援，顧濟爾哈朗曰：「我當擊此。」五戰皆捷。尋次順義，擊破明總兵滿桂等。薄明都，復從代善擊敗援兵。偕貝勒薩哈璘圍永平，克香河。四年，還守沈陽。
五年三月，詔詢諸貝勒：「國人怨斷獄不公，何以弭之？」岳託奏：「刑罰舛謬，實在臣等。請上擢直臣，近忠良，絕讒佞，行黜陟之典，使諸臣知激勸。」是歲初設六部，命掌兵部事。上攻大凌河，趨廣寧，岳託偕貝勒阿濟格率兵二萬別自義州進，與師會。固山額真葉臣圍城西南，岳託為之應。祖大壽請降，以子可法質。可法見諸貝勒，將拜，岳託曰：「戰則仇敵，和則弟兄，何拜為？」因問何為死守空城，曰：「畏屠戮耳！」岳託善諭之，遣歸。越三日，大壽乃降。上議取錦州，命偕諸貝勒統兵四千，易漢服，偕大壽作潰奔狀，夜襲錦州。會大霧，乃止。
Son: Yuetuo, Prince Keqin of the Second Rank
Yuetuo, Prince Keqin of the Second Rank, was the first son of Daishan. He was first made a taiji. In the sixth year of Tianming, when the army raided Fengji Fort and was about to return, spies reported where the Ming army was, and Yuetuo with the taiji Degelei defeated it. When the emperor took Shenyang, the Ming Brigade General Li Bingcheng withdrew, and the army followed him to Baitapu. Yuetuo, arriving later, pursued the fleeing enemy for forty li and wiped out more than three thousand Ming troops. Ang'an, Beile of the Zhalute of the Ka'erka, had seized our envoys and sent them to Yehe, where they were killed. In the eighth year Yuetuo and the taiji Abatai punished him and beheaded Ang'an and his son. In the eleventh year he again followed Daishan against the Zhalute, beheaded their chief E'erzhaitu, and took his people captive. He was made a Beile. Edit
In the first year of Tiancong, with the Beile Amin and Ji'erhalang, he attacked Korea and took the three cities of Yizhou, Dingzhou and Hanshan. They crossed the Jiashan River, took Anzhou and camped at Pyongyang, whose garrison commander abandoned the city and fled. Advancing again, they camped at Zhonghe and called on Li Zong, King of Korea, to surrender. Amin wanted to attack the royal capital directly, but Yuetuo privately agreed with Ji'erhalang to halt at Pingshan and send another envoy to Li Zong. Li Zong was willing to send local products as tribute every year. Yuetuo reasoned, "Our task is done. The Mongols and the Ming are both our enemies; if there is an alarm, can we be unprepared? We should make a covenant with him and go home." When the covenant was made, he told Amin. Amin, because he had not taken part in the covenant, let his troops plunder. Yuetuo said, "To plunder after a covenant has been made is not right." He urged him to stop, but Amin would not. Then Li Zong's younger brother Jue was made to take a covenant with Amin too, and the army returned. Edit
He followed the emperor against the Ming and also followed the siege of Ningyuan, winning merit in both. He again defeated Ming troops at Niuzhuang. In the second year he raided the Ming border and razed the three cities of Jinzhou, Xingshan and Gaoqiao. East of Shisanzhan he destroyed twenty-one beacon towers and killed thirty of their guards. When the army returned, the emperor came out to welcome him and gave him a fine horse. In the third year he raided the Ming cities of Jinzhou and Ningyuan and burned their stores. When the emperor attacked the Ming, Yuetuo and Ji'erhalang led the troops of the right wing in a night attack on Da'ankou; they broke through the water gate and entered, and defeated the relieving troops from Malan Camp beneath the walls. At dawn they saw Ming troops camped on a hill; Yuetuo gave part of his troops to Ji'erhalang to attack them and stayed at the foot of the hill to wait. Then, seeing Ming troops coming from Zunhua to the rescue, he turned to Ji'erhalang and said, "I will attack these." He fought five battles and won them all. Soon after, they camped at Shunyi and broke the Ming Brigade General Man Gui and others. Pressing close to the Ming capital, he again followed Daishan in defeating the relieving troops. With the Beile Sahalin he besieged Yongping and took Xianghe. In the fourth year he went back to guard Shenyang. Edit
In the third month of the fifth year an edict asked the Beile, "The people resent the unfairness of judgments in lawsuits; how can this be put right?" Yuetuo replied, "If punishments go astray, the fault truly lies with us, your servants. I ask that the emperor promote upright officials, keep the loyal and good close, shut out slanderers and flatterers, and carry out the rules for demotion and promotion, so that all the officials know what to strive for." In that year the Six Ministries were set up for the first time, and he was put in charge of the Ministry of War. When the emperor attacked Dalinghe and made for Guangning, Yuetuo and the Beile Ajige led twenty thousand troops forward separately from Yi Department and joined the main army. The gushan ejen (Banner commander) Yechen besieged the southwest of the city, and Yuetuo supported him. Zu Dashou asked to surrender and gave his son Zu Kefa as a hostage. When Zu Kefa met the Beile and was about to bow, Yuetuo said, "In war we are enemies, in peace we are brothers; why bow?" He then asked why they had held an empty city to the death. Zu Kefa said, "Only for fear of being massacred!" Yuetuo reassured him kindly and sent him back. Three days later Zu Dashou surrendered. When the emperor planned to take Jinzhou, he ordered Yuetuo and the Beile to lead four thousand troops in Han Chinese dress and, together with Zu Dashou, pretend to be a broken army in flight, so as to make a night attack on Jinzhou. A thick fog came down, and the plan was dropped. Edit
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六年正月，岳託奏：「前克遼東、廣寧，漢人拒命者誅之，後復屠灤州、永平，是以人懷疑懼。今天與我大凌河，正欲使天下知我善撫民也。臣愚以為善撫此眾，歸順者必多。當先予以室家，出公帑以贍之。倘蒙天眷，奄有其地，仍還其家產，彼必悅服。又各官宜令諸貝勒給莊一區，每牛錄令取漢男婦二人、牛一頭，編為屯，人給二屯。出牛口之家，各牛錄復以官值償之。至明諸將士棄其鄉土，窮年戍守，畏我誅戮。今慕義歸降，善為撫恤，毋令失所，則人心附，大業成矣。」疏入，上嘉納之。
尋偕濟爾哈朗等略察哈爾部，至歸化城，俘獲以千計。又偕貝勒德格類行略地，自耀州至蓋州南。七年，又偕德格類等攻旅順口，留兵駐守。師還，上郊勞，以金卮酌酒賜之。八年，上閱兵沈陽，岳託率滿洲、蒙古十一旗兵，列陣二十里許，軍容整肅，上嘉之。從上徵察哈爾，有疾先還。九年，略明山西，岳託復以病留歸化城。土默特部來告，博碩克圖汗子俄木布遣人偕阿嚕喀爾喀及明使者至，將謀我。岳託伏兵邀之，擒明使者，令土默特捕斬阿嚕喀爾喀匿馬駝者。部分土默特壯丁，立隊伍，授條約。尋與諸貝勒會師，偕還。
崇德元年四月，封成親王。八月，坐徇庇莽古爾泰、碩託，及離間濟爾哈朗、豪格，論死，上寬之，降貝勒，罷兵部。未幾，覆命攝部事。二年八月，上命兩翼較射，岳託言不能執弓，上勉之再三，始引弓，弓墮地者五，乃擲去。諸王論岳託驕慢，當死，上再寬之，降貝子，罰銀五千。
三年，復貝勒。從上徵喀爾喀，至博碩堆，知紥薩克圖汗已出走，乃還。八月，伐明，授岳託揚武大將軍，貝勒杜度副之，統右翼軍；統左翼者睿親王多爾袞也。至牆子嶺，明兵入堡，外為三寨，我師克之。堡堅不易拔，用俘卒言嶺東西有間道，分兵攻其前，綴明師，潛從間道逾嶺入，克台十有一。師深入，徇山東，下濟南，岳託薨於軍。四年，多爾袞奏捷，無岳託名。上驚問，始聞喪，大慟，輟膳，命毋使禮親王知。喪還，上至沙嶺遙奠；還宮，輟朝三日。詔封為克勤郡王，賜駝五、馬二、銀萬。康熙二十七年，立碑紀功。乾隆四十三年，配享太廟。
岳託子七，有爵者五：羅洛渾、喀爾楚渾、巴爾楚渾、巴思哈、祜裡布。巴爾楚渾、祜裡布並恩封貝勒，巴爾楚渾謚和惠，祜裡布謚剛毅。
In the first month of the sixth year Yuetuo memorialised: "When we took Liaodong and Guangning, the Han Chinese who resisted orders were put to death, and later we again massacred Luan Department and Yongping; that is why people are full of doubt and fear. Now Heaven has given us Dalinghe, which is just the thing to show the world that we treat the people well. In my foolish opinion, if we treat these people well, many more will come over to us. We should first give them homes and families, and support them from the public treasury. If by Heaven's favour we come to possess their land, we should give back their family property, and they will surely be glad to submit. As for the officials, the Beile should be ordered to give each of them an estate, and each niulu should be ordered to provide two Han men or women and an ox, to be formed into settlements, two settlements to each man. The households that give up the oxen and people should be repaid by each niulu at the official price. As for the officers and men of the Ming, they have left their homes and stand guard year after year, fearing that we will kill them. Now, when they come over to us out of regard for what is right, if we look after them well and do not leave them homeless, people's hearts will turn to us and the great enterprise will be accomplished." When the memorial went in, the emperor praised and accepted it. Edit
Soon after, with Ji'erhalang and others, he raided the Chaha'er tribe as far as Guihua, taking captives and booty by the thousand. With the Beile Degelei he also went raiding from Yao Department to south of Gaizhou. In the seventh year, with Degelei and others, he attacked Lushunkou and left troops to garrison it. When the army returned, the emperor came out of the city to thank him, and poured wine in a gold cup for him. In the eighth year the emperor reviewed the troops at Shenyang; Yuetuo led the troops of eleven Manchu and Mongol banners, drawn up over some twenty li, in good and orderly array, and the emperor praised him. He followed the emperor against the Chaha'er but fell ill and went back first. In the ninth year, when the army raided the Ming province of Shanxi, Yuetuo again stayed at Guihua because of illness. The Tumote tribe came to report that Emubu, son of Boshuoketu Khan, had sent men who had come with the Alu Ka'erka and Ming envoys, plotting against us. Yuetuo laid an ambush and intercepted them, captured the Ming envoys, and ordered the Tumote to arrest and behead those of the Alu Ka'erka who were hiding horses and camels. He organised the able-bodied men of the Tumote, formed them into units and gave them regulations. Soon after, he joined the Beile and returned with them. Edit
In the fourth month of the first year of Chongde he was made Prince Cheng of the First Rank. In the eighth month he was found guilty of shielding Manggu'ertai and Shuotuo and of sowing discord between Ji'erhalang and Haoge, and was sentenced to death; the emperor pardoned him, demoted him to Beile, and removed him from the Ministry of War. Before long he was again ordered to act in charge of the ministry. In the eighth month of the second year the emperor ordered the two wings to hold an archery contest. Yuetuo said he could not draw a bow; the emperor urged him again and again until he drew it, but he dropped the bow on the ground five times and then threw it away. The princes held that Yuetuo was arrogant and insolent and should be put to death; the emperor again pardoned him, demoted him to Beizi, and fined him five thousand taels of silver. Edit
In the third year he was restored as Beile. He followed the emperor against the Ka'erka; at Boshuodui they learned that Zhasaketu Khan had already fled, and they returned. In the eighth month, for the campaign against the Ming, Yuetuo was made Grand General Who Displays Martial Might, with the Beile Dudu as his deputy, in command of the right wing; the left wing was commanded by Duo'ergun, Prince Rui of the First Rank. At the Qiangzi Ridge the Ming troops went into the fort, outside which were three stockades; our army took them. The fort was strong and not easy to take; acting on what captured soldiers said, that there were byways east and west of the ridge, he divided his troops to attack the front and tie down the Ming troops, and secretly crossed the ridge by the byways, taking eleven watchtowers. The army pushed deep in, overran Shandong and took Jinan, and Yuetuo died with the army. In the fourth year Duo'ergun reported the victory, but Yuetuo's name was not in it. The emperor asked in surprise and only then heard of his death; he grieved bitterly and would not eat, and ordered that Prince Li not be told. When his coffin came home, the emperor went to Shaling to make offerings from afar; on returning to the palace, he suspended court for three days. By edict Yuetuo was made Prince Keqin of the Second Rank, and five camels, two horses and ten thousand taels of silver were given. In the twenty-seventh year of Kangxi a stele was set up to record his merit. In the forty-third year of Qianlong he was given a place in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Edit
Yuetuo had seven sons, five of whom held ranks: Luoluohun, Ka'erchuhun, Ba'erchuhun, Basiha and Hulibu. Ba'erchuhun and Hulibu were both made Beile by special grace; Ba'erchuhun was given the posthumous name Hehui and Hulibu the posthumous name Gangyi. Edit
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Source: 清史稿 卷二百一十六 列传三 诸王二 (Draft History of Qing, juan 216, Biographies 3: Princes 2)
Wikipedia: Yoto (prince) · Chinese Wikipedia: 岳託 · Baidu Baike: 岳托 (an article of the same name, not checked to be him)
Source
From the historical record: the notes below say where · qing-zongshi-00161
Notes (2)
- [Source] 清史稿 卷一百六十二 表二 皇子世表二 Draft History of Qing, juan 162, Table 2: Genealogical Table of the Emperors' Sons 2
- [Collation note] 表云：「代善第一子。天命十一年，以功封貝勒。崇德元年，晉成親王。尋緣事降貝勒。二年，又降貝子。三年，以功復封貝勒。四年，薨。追封克勤郡王。乾隆四十三年，以佐命殊功，配享太廟。」 The table: “Eldest son of Dàishàn. In Tianming 11 (1626), for merit, made Beile. In Chongde 1 (1636), promoted to Prince Cheng of the First Rank. Soon after, over a matter, demoted to Beile. In Chongde 2 (1637), again demoted to Beizi. In Chongde 3 (1638), for merit, again made Beile. In Chongde 4 (1639), died. Posthumously made Prince Keqin of the Second Rank. In Qianlong 43 (1778), for his outstanding service at the founding of the dynasty, given a place in the Imperial Ancestral Temple.”