儇 Xuān
Biography
僖宗
僖宗惠聖恭定孝皇帝諱儇，懿宗第五子也。母曰惠安皇太后王氏。始封普王，名儼。
咸通十四年七月，懿宗疾大漸，左右神策護軍中尉劉行深、韓文約立普王為皇太子。辛巳，即皇帝位于柩前。
八月癸巳，始聽政。丁未，追尊母為皇太后。乙卯，韋保衡為司徒。
九月，貶保衡為賀州刺史。
十月乙未，尚書左僕射蕭倣為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
十二月，震電。癸卯，大赦，免水旱州縣租賦，罷貢鷹鶻。雲南蠻寇黎州。
乾符元年二月甲午，葬昭聖恭惠孝皇帝于簡陵。癸丑，降死罪以下。趙隱罷。華州刺史裴坦為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
四月辛卯，以旱理囚。
五月乙未，裴坦薨。刑部尚書劉瞻為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
八月辛未，瞻薨。兵部侍郎、判度支崔彥昭為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
十月，劉鄴罷。吏部侍郎鄭畋為兵部侍郎，翰林學士承旨、戶部侍郎盧攜：同中書門下平章事。
十一月庚寅，改元。羣臣上尊號曰聖神聰睿仁哲明孝皇帝。是月，蕭倣為司空。魏博節度使韓允中卒，其子簡自稱留後。
十二月，党項、回鶻寇天德軍。雲南蠻寇黎、雅二州，河西、河東、山南東道、東川兵伐雲南。
二年正月己丑，朝獻于太清宮。庚寅，朝享于太廟。辛卯，有事于南郊，大赦。賜文武官階、勳、爵，文宣王及二王後、三恪一子官。雲南蠻請和。
四月庚辰，太白晝見。浙西突陣將王郢反。
五月，右龍武軍大將軍宋皓討之。蕭倣薨。
六月，濮州賊王仙芝、尚君長陷曹、濮二州，河南諸鎮兵討之。吏部尚書李蔚為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。幽州將李茂勳逐其節度使張公素，自稱留後。
Xizong
Xizong (posthumous title: Huisheng Gongding Xiao Huangdi), whose personal name was Xuan, was the fifth son of Yizong. His mother was the Empress Dowager Hui'an, of the Wang family. He was first enfeoffed as Prince of Pu, and was then named Yan. Edit
In the seventh month of the fourteenth year of Xiantong, when Yizong's illness became critical, Liu Xingshen and Han Wenyue, Palace Commandants-protector of the Left and Right Shence Armies, set up the Prince of Pu as Heir Apparent. On xinsi, he took the imperial throne before the coffin. Edit
In the eighth month, on guisi, he began to attend to government. On dingwei, he posthumously honored his mother as Empress Dowager. On yimao, Wei Baoheng became Grand Minister of Education. Edit
In the ninth month, Baoheng was demoted to Prefect of He Prefecture. Edit
In the tenth month, on yiwei, Xiao Fang, Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the twelfth month, there was thunder and lightning. On guimao, there was a general amnesty; the rents and taxes of prefectures and counties suffering flood and drought were remitted, and the tribute of hawks and falcons was abolished. The barbarians of Yunnan raided Li Prefecture. Edit
In the first year of Qianfu, in the second month, on jiawu, Emperor Zhaosheng Gonghui Xiao was buried in the Jian Mausoleum. On guichou, sentences of death and below were reduced. Zhao Yin was dismissed. Pei Tan, Prefect of Hua Prefecture, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the fourth month, on xinmao, because of drought, the cases of prisoners were reviewed. Edit
In the fifth month, on yiwei, Pei Tan died. Liu Zhan, Minister of Justice, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the eighth month, on xinwei, Zhan died. Cui Yanzhao, Vice Minister of War in charge of Public Revenue, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the tenth month, Liu Ye was dismissed. Zheng Tian, Vice Minister of Personnel, became Vice Minister of War, and he and Lu Xie, Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts and Vice Minister of Revenue, were made Joint Managers of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the eleventh month, on gengyin, the era name was changed. The assembled officials presented the honorific title Emperor Shengshen Congrui Renzhe Mingxiao. That month Xiao Fang became Grand Minister of Works. Han Yunzhong, Military Commissioner of Weibo, died, and his son Jian proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the twelfth month, the Dangxiang and the Uighurs raided the Tiande Army. The barbarians of Yunnan raided the two prefectures of Li and Ya, and troops of Hexi, Hedong, Shannan East Circuit and Dongchuan attacked Yunnan. Edit
In the second year, in the first month, on jichou, he made offerings at the Taiqing Palace. On gengyin, he made offerings at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On xinmao, he performed the sacrifice at the southern suburb, and there was a general amnesty. Civil and military officials were granted grades of rank, merit titles and noble titles, and the descendants of the Prince of Wenxuan, of the two former royal houses and of the Three Respected Lineages each had one son given office. The barbarians of Yunnan asked for peace. Edit
In the fourth month, on gengchen, Venus was seen by day. Wang Ying, a vanguard general of Zhexi, rebelled. Edit
In the fifth month, Song Hao, General-in-chief of the Right Longwu Army, attacked him. Xiao Fang died. Edit
In the sixth month, the bandits of Pu Prefecture, Wang Xianzhi and Shang Junchang, took the two prefectures of Cao and Pu, and the troops of the garrisons of Henan attacked them. Li Wei, Minister of Personnel, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Li Maoxun, a general of You Prefecture, drove out his Military Commissioner, Zhang Gongsu, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
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七月，以蝗避正殿，減膳。
十一月，震電。
三年二月丙子，以旱降死罪以下。
三月，葬暴骸。平盧軍節度使宋威為指揮諸道招討草賊使，檢校左散騎常侍曾元裕副之。募能捕賊三百人者，官以將軍。幽州盧龍軍節度使李茂勳立其子可舉為留後。
五月庚子，以旱理囚，免浙東西一歲稅。昭王汭薨。
六月乙丑，雄州地震。撫王紘為太尉。
七月辛巳，雄州地震。鎮海軍節度使裴璩及王郢戰，敗之。鄂王潤薨。
九月乙亥朔，日有食之，避正殿。丙子，王仙芝陷汝州，執刺史王鐐。
十一月，陷郢、復二州。
十二月，京師地震。王仙芝陷申、光、廬、壽、通、舒六州。忠武軍節度使崔安潛為諸道行營都統，宮苑使李琢為諸軍行營招討草賊使，右威衞上將軍張自勉副之。
是冬，無雪。
四年正月丁丑，降死罪以下二等，流人死者聽收葬。崔彥昭為司空。
二月，王仙芝陷鄂州。
閏月，崔彥昭罷。昭義軍亂，逐其節度使高湜。宣武軍節度使王鐸檢校司徒，兼門下侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
三月，宛句賊黃巢陷鄆、沂二州，天平軍節度使薛崇死之。
四月壬申朔，日有食之。是月，陝州軍亂，逐其觀察使崔碣。江西賊柳彥璋陷江州，執其刺史陶祥。高安制置使鍾傳陷撫州。
五月，有彗星，避正殿，減膳。
六月，王鐸為司徒。庚寅，雄州地震。
八月，黃巢陷隋州，執刺史崔休徵。
九月，沙陀寇雲、朔二州。鹽州軍亂，逐其刺史王承顏。
十月，河中軍亂，逐其節度使劉侔。
十一月，尚君長降，宋威殺之。
十二月，安南戍兵亂，逐桂管觀察使李瓚。江州刺史劉秉仁及柳彥璋戰，敗之。
五年正月丁酉，王仙芝陷江陵外郛。壬寅，曾元裕及王仙芝戰于申州，敗之。元裕為諸道行營招討草賊使，張自勉副之。宋威罷招討使。
二月癸酉，雲中守捉使李克用殺大同軍防禦使段文楚。己卯，克用寇遮虜軍。是月，王仙芝伏誅，其將王重隱陷饒州，刺史顏標死之。江西賊徐唐莒陷洪州。
三月，黃巢陷濮州，寇河南。崔安潛罷都統。張自勉為東西面行營招討使。湖南軍亂，逐其觀察使崔瑾。
四月，饒州將彭令璋克饒州，自稱刺史，徐唐莒伏誅。
五月丁酉，鄭畋、盧攜罷。翰林學士承旨、戶部侍郎豆盧瑑為兵部侍郎，吏部侍郎崔沆為戶部侍郎：同中書門下平章事。是日，雨雹，大風拔木。
八月，大同軍節度使李國昌陷岢嵐軍。黃巢陷杭州。
九月，李蔚罷。吏部尚書鄭從讜為中書侍郎、同中書門下平章事。黃巢陷越州，執觀察使崔琢。鎮海軍將張潾克越州。
十月，昭義軍節度使李鈞、幽州盧龍軍節度使李可舉討李國昌。
十一月丁未，河東宣慰使崔季康為河東節度、代北行營招討使。
十二月甲戌，黃巢陷福州。庚辰，崔季康、李鈞及李克用戰于洪谷，敗績。
是歲，天平軍節度使張裼卒，衙將崔君裕自知州事。
六年正月，鎮海軍節度使高駢為諸道行營兵馬都統。魏王佾薨。
二月，京師地震，藍田山裂，出水。河東軍亂，殺其節度使崔季康。
四月庚申朔，日有食之。涼王侹薨。王鐸為荊南節度使、南面行營招討都統。
五月，泰寧軍節度使李係為湖南觀察使，副之。黃巢陷廣州，執嶺南東道節度使李迢，陷安南。
八月甲子，東都留守李蔚為河東節度、代北行營招討使。
閏十月，黃巢陷潭、澧二州，澧州刺史李絢死之。
十一月丙辰，兩日並出而鬬。戊午，河東節度使康傳圭為代北行營招討使。辛酉，黃巢陷江陵，殺李迢。丁丑，山南東道節度使劉巨容及黃巢戰于荊門，敗之。
十二月壬辰，克江陵。是月，貶王鐸為太子賓客，分司東都。兵部尚書盧攜為門下侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
是歲，淄州刺史曹全晸克鄆州，殺崔君裕。黃巢陷鄂、宣、歙、池四州。朗州賊周岳陷衡州，逐其刺史徐顥。荊南將雷滿陷朗州，刺史崔翥死之。石門蠻向瓌陷澧州，權知州事呂自牧死之。桂陽賊陳彥謙陷郴州，刺史董岳死之。
廣明元年正月乙卯，改元。免嶺南、荊湖、河中、河東稅賦十之四。戊寅，荊南監軍楊復光、泰寧軍將段彥謩殺其守將宋浩，以常滋為節度留後。淮南將張潾及黃巢戰于大雲倉，敗之。
二月丙戌，李國昌寇忻、代二州。戊戌，河東軍亂，殺其節度使康傳圭。壬子，鄭從讜罷為河東節度使、代北行營招討使。
三月辛未，以旱避正殿，減膳。
四月甲申，京師、東都、汝州雨雹，大風拔木。丁酉，太府卿李琢為蔚、朔招討都統。壬寅，張潾克饒州。
五月，汝州防禦使諸葛爽為蔚、朔招討副使。泰寧軍將劉漢宏反。張潾及黃巢戰于信州，死之。
六月，巢陷睦、婺、宣三州。江華賊蔡結陷道州。宿州賊魯景仁陷連州。
七月，黃巢陷滁、和二州。辛酉，天平軍節度使曹全晸為東面副都統。辛未，劉漢宏降。李可舉及李國昌戰于藥兒嶺，敗之。
八月辛卯，昭義軍亂，殺其節度使李鈞。癸卯，榮王㥽為司空。是月，㥽薨。
九月，忠武軍將周岌殺其節度使薛能。牙將秦宗權自稱權知蔡州事。
十月，黃巢陷申州。
十一月，河中都虞候王重榮逐其節度使李都。黃巢陷汝州。壬戌，幸左神策軍閱武。護軍中尉田令孜為諸道兵馬都指揮制置招討使，忠武軍監軍楊復光副之。丁卯，東都留守劉允章叛附于黃巢。壬申，巢陷虢州。田令孜為汝、洛、晉、絳、同、華都統。
十二月壬午，黃巢陷潼關。甲申，貶盧攜為太子賓客，分司東都。翰林學士承旨、尚書左丞王徽為戶部侍郎，翰林學士、戶部侍郎裴澈為工部侍郎：同中書門下平章事。行在咸陽。丙戌，左金吾衞大將軍張直方率武官叛附于黃巢。巢陷京師。辛卯，次鳳翔。丙申，河陽節度使諸葛爽叛附于黃巢。丁酉，次興元。庚子，廣德公主、豆盧瑑、崔沆、尚書左僕射劉鄴、右僕射于琮、太子少師裴諗、御史中丞趙濛、刑部侍郎李溥、京兆尹李湯死于黃巢。
是歲，雨血于靖陵。
中和元年正月壬子，如成都。壬申，兵部侍郎、判度支蕭遘為工部侍郎、同中書門下平章事。丁丑，次成都。
二月己卯，赦劍南三川。太子少師王鐸為司徒，兼門下侍郎、同中書門下平章事。淮南節度使高駢為京城四面都統。邠寧節度使李存禮討黃巢。鳳翔節度使鄭畋及巢戰于龍尾坡，敗之。邠寧將王玫陷邠州。戊戌，清平鎮使陳晟執睦州刺史韋諸，自稱刺史。
三月辛亥，黃巢陷鄧州，執刺史趙戎。辛酉，鄭畋為京城西面行營都統。甲子，畋及涇原節度使程宗楚、天雄軍經略使仇公遇盟于鳳翔。是月，王徽罷。諸葛爽以河陽降。
四月戊寅，王玫伏誅。程宗楚、朔方軍節度使唐弘夫及黃巢戰于咸陽，敗之。壬午，巢遯于灞上。丁亥，復入于京師，弘夫、宗楚死之。是月，赦李國昌及其子克用以討黃巢。
五月丙辰，克用寇太原，振武軍節度使契苾璋敗之。辛酉，大風，雨土。是月，劉巨容為南面行營招討使。楊復光克鄧州。
六月，鄮賊鍾季文陷明州。辛卯，邠寧節度副使朱玫及黃巢戰于興平，敗績。戊戌，鄭畋為司空，兼門下侍郎、同中書門下平章事、京城四面行營都統。丙午，李克用陷忻、代二州。
七月丁巳，大赦，改元。庚申，翰林學士承旨、兵部侍郎韋昭度同中書門下平章事。丙寅，神策軍將郭琪反，伏誅。辛未，田令孜殺左拾遺孟昭圖。義武軍節度使王處存為東南面行營招討使。
八月，感化軍將時溥逐其節度使支詳，自稱留後。昭義軍節度使高潯及黃巢戰于石橋，敗績，十將成麟殺潯，入于潞州。己丑，眾星隕于成都。
九月丙午，鄜延節度使李孝章、夏綏銀節度使拓拔思恭及黃巢戰于東渭橋，敗績。臨海賊杜雄陷台州。辛酉，封子震為建王。己巳，昭義軍戍將孟方立殺成麟，自稱留後。永嘉賊朱褒陷溫州。
是秋，河東霜殺禾。
十月，鳳翔行軍司馬李昌言逐其節度使鄭畋。
十一月，李昌言為鳳翔節度行營招討使。鄭畋、裴澈罷。遂昌賊盧約陷處州。
十二月，安南戍將閔頊逐湖南觀察使李裕，自稱留後。
是歲，霍丘鎮使王緒陷壽、光二州。
二年正月辛亥，王鐸為諸道行營都都統，承制封拜，太子少師崔安潛副之。高駢罷都統。辛未，王處存為京城東面都統，李孝章為北面都統，拓拔思恭為南面都統。
二月甲戌，黃巢陷同州。己卯，太子少傅分司東都鄭畋為司空，兼門下侍郎、同中書門下平章事。丙戌，李昌言為京城西面都統，邠寧節度使朱玫為河南都統、諸谷防遏使。
三月，邛州蠻阡能叛，西川部將楊行遷討之。李克用陷蔚州。
六月，朱玫為京城西北面行營都統。楊行遷及阡能戰于乾溪，敗績。己亥，荊南監軍朱敬玫殺其節度使段彥謩，少尹李燧自稱留後。
七月，保大軍節度留後東方逵為京城東面行營招討使。撫州刺史鍾傳陷洪州，江西觀察使高茂卿奔于江州。
八月丁巳，東方逵為京城東北面行營都統，拓拔思恭為京城四面都統。魏博節度使韓簡陷孟州。
九月丙戌，黃巢將朱溫以同州降。己亥，溫為右金吾衞大將軍、河中行營招討副使。是月，太原桃李實。嶺南西道軍亂，逐其節度使張從訓。平盧軍將王敬武逐其節度使安師儒，自稱留後。
十月，嵐州刺史湯羣以沙陀反。韓簡寇鄆州，天平軍節度使曹全晸死之，部將崔用自稱留後。諸葛爽陷孟州。
十一月，荊南軍亂，衙將陳儒自稱留後。丙子，湯羣伏誅。
是歲，關中大饑。南城賊危全諷陷撫州。危仔倡陷信州。廬州將楊行密逐其刺史郎幼復。和州刺史秦彥逐宣歙觀察使竇潏。
三年正月，雁門節度使李克用為京城東北面行營都統。乙亥，王鐸罷。
二月，魏博軍亂，殺其節度使韓簡，其將樂彥禎自稱留後。己未，建王震為太保。
三月，天有聲于浙西。壬申，李克用及黃巢戰于零口，敗之。
四月甲辰，又敗之于渭南。丙午，復京師。
五月，鄭畋為司徒，東都留守、檢校司空鄭從讜為司空：同中書門下平章事。淮南將張瓌陷復州。奉國軍節度使秦宗權叛附于黃巢。
七月，宣武軍節度副大使朱全忠為東北面都招討使。鄭畋罷。兵部尚書、判度支裴澈同中書門下平章事。
八月，黃巢、秦宗權寇陳州。淮南將韓師德陷岳州。
九月，武寧軍節度使時溥為東面兵馬都統。
是秋，晉州地震。
十月，全椒賊許勍陷滁州。李克用陷潞州，刺史李殷銳死之。
十一月壬申，劍南西川行軍司馬高仁厚及阡能戰于邛州，敗之。
十二月，忠武軍將鹿晏弘逐興元節度使牛勗，自稱留後。
是歲，天平軍將曹存實克鄆州。石鏡鎮將董昌逐杭州刺史路審中。
四年正月，婺州將王鎮執其刺史黃碣，叛附于董昌。
二月，鎮伏誅。浦陽將蔣瓌陷婺州。舒州賊吳迥逐其刺史高澞。
三月甲子，劍南東川節度副大使楊師立反，西川節度使陳敬瑄為西川、東川、山南西道都指揮招討使。前杭州刺史路審中陷鄂州。
五月辛酉，朱全忠及黃巢戰，敗之。辛未，河東節度使李克用及巢戰于宛句，敗之。癸酉，高仁厚為劍南東川節度使以討楊師立。壬午，福建團練副使陳巖逐其觀察使鄭鎰，自稱觀察使。
六月乙卯，赦劍南三川。瘞京畿骸骨。
七月辛酉，楊師立伏誅。壬午，黃巢伏誅。
九月，山南西道節度使鹿晏弘反。
十月，蕭遘為司空。
十一月，鹿晏弘陷許州，殺節度使周岌，自稱留後。
十二月甲午，荊南行軍司馬張瓌逐其節度使陳儒，自稱留後。盜殺義昌軍節度使王鐸。
是歲，關中大饑。濮州刺史朱宣逐天平軍節度使曹存實，自稱留後。武昌軍將杜洪陷岳州。
光啟元年正月庚辰，荊南軍將成汭陷歸州。是月，王緒陷汀、漳二州。南康賊盧光稠陷虔州。
三月丁卯，至自成都。己巳，大赦，改元。時溥為蔡州四面行營兵馬都統。蕭遘為司徒，韋昭度為司空。
四月，吳迥伏誅。秦宗權陷襄州，山南東道節度使劉巨容奔于成都。武當賊馮行襲陷均州，逐其刺史呂燁。
五月，羣臣上尊號曰至德光烈皇帝。
六月，幽州盧龍軍亂，殺其節度使李可舉，其將李全忠自稱留後。壬戌，秦宗權陷東都。
七月，義昌軍亂，逐其節度使楊全玫，衙將盧彥威自稱留後。
八月，光州賊王潮執王緒。甲寅，殺右補闕常濬。樂彥禎殺洺州刺史馬爽。
九月，河中節度使王重榮反，邠寧節度使朱玫討之。
十月癸丑，朱全忠及秦宗權戰于雙丘，敗績。
十一月，河東節度使李克用叛附于王重榮，重榮及克用寇同州，刺史郭璋死之。
十二月癸酉，朱玫及王重榮、李克用戰于沙苑，敗績。乙亥，克用犯京師。丙子，如鳳翔。
二年正月辛巳，鎮海軍將張郁陷常州。戊子，如興元。癸巳，朱玫叛，寇鳳翔。
二月，鄭從讜為太傅。
三月壬午，山南西道節度使石君涉奔于鳳翔。遂州刺史鄭君雄陷漢州。丙申，次興元。戊戌，御史大夫孔緯、翰林學士承旨、兵部尚書杜讓能為兵部侍郎、同中書門下平章事。
是春，成都地震，鳳翔女子化為丈夫。
四月乙卯，朱玫以嗣襄王熅入于京師。
五月丙戌，有星孛于箕、尾。武寧軍將丁從實陷常州，逐其刺史張郁。
六月，淮西將黃皓殺欽化軍節度使閔頊。衡州刺史周岳陷潭州，自稱節度使。
七月，秦宗權陷許州，忠武軍節度使鹿晏弘死之。
八月，王潮陷泉州，刺史廖彥若死之。幽州盧龍軍節度使李全忠卒，其子匡威自稱留後。
九月，有星隕于揚州。戊寅，靜難軍將王行瑜陷興、鳳二州。
十月丙午，嗣襄王熅自立為皇帝，尊皇帝為太上元皇聖帝。朱全忠陷滑州，執義成軍節度使安師儒。丙辰，杭州刺史董昌攻越州，浙東觀察使劉漢宏奔于台州。是月，河陽節度使諸葛爽卒，其子仲方自稱留後。神策行營先鋒使滿存克興、鳳二州。感義軍節度使楊晟陷文州。武寧軍將張雄陷蘇州。
十一月庚子，秦宗權陷鄭州。
十二月，魏州地震。丙午，台州刺史杜雄執劉漢宏，降于董昌。昌自稱浙東觀察使。丙辰，朱玫伏誅。丁巳，熅伏誅。秦宗權陷孟州，諸葛仲方奔于汴州。
是歲，天平軍將朱瑾逐泰寧軍節度使齊克讓，自稱留後。湘陰賊鄧進思陷岳州。杜洪陷鄂州，自稱武昌軍節度留後。
三年三月癸未，蕭遘、裴澈、兵部侍郎鄭昌圖有罪伏誅。壬辰，如鳳翔。鄭從讜罷。韋昭度為司徒。癸巳，鎮海軍將劉浩逐其節度使周寶，度支催勘使薛朗自稱知府事。
四月甲辰，六合鎮遏使徐約陷蘇州，逐其刺史張雄。甲子，淮南兵馬使畢師鐸陷揚州，執其節度使高駢。是月，維州山崩。
五月甲戌，宣歙觀察使秦彥入于揚州。癸未，秦宗權陷鄭州。
六月，陷孟州，河陽將李罕之入于孟州，張全義入于東都。己酉，鳳翔節度使李昌符反。庚戌，犯大安門，不克，奔于隴州。壬子，武定軍節度使李茂貞為隴州招討使。丁巳，護國軍將常行儒殺其節度使王重榮，其兄重盈自稱留後。壬戌，亳州將謝殷逐其刺史宋衮。
七月丁亥，降死罪以下，貞觀、開元、建中、興元功臣後予一子九品正員官，減常膳三之一，賜民九十以上粟帛。七月，李昌符伏誅。
八月，韋昭度為太保。壬寅，謝殷伏誅。朱全忠陷亳州。壬子，陷曹州，刺史丘弘禮死之。
九月，戶部侍郎、判度支張濬為兵部侍郎、同中書門下平章事。秦彥殺高駢。
十月丁未，朱全忠陷濮州。甲寅，封子陞為益王。杭州刺史錢鏐陷常州。丁卯，鏐殺周寶。是月，秦宗權將孫儒寇揚州。
十一月壬申，廬州刺史楊行密陷揚州，秦彥、畢師鐸奔于孫儒。
十二月癸巳，淮西將趙德諲陷江陵，荊南節度使張瓌死之。朱全忠為東南面招討使。饒州刺史陳儒陷衢州。上蔡賊馮敬章陷蘄州。
文德元年正月甲寅，孫儒殺秦彥、畢師鐸。癸亥，朱全忠為蔡州四面行營都統。丙寅，薛朗伏誅。錢鏐陷潤州。
二月乙亥，不豫。己丑，至自鳳翔。庚寅，謁于太廟，大赦，改元。是月，魏博軍亂，殺其節度使樂彥禎，其將羅弘信自稱權知留後。
三月戊戌朔，日有食之，既。壬寅，疾大漸，立壽王傑為皇太弟，知軍國事。癸卯，皇帝崩于武德殿，年二十七。
贊
贊曰：唐自穆宗以來八世，而為宦官所立者七君。然則唐之衰亡，豈止方鎮之患？蓋朝廷天下之本也，人君者朝廷之本也，始即位者人君之本也。其本始不正，欲以正天下，其可得乎？懿、僖當唐政之始衰，而以昏庸相繼；乾符之際，歲大旱蝗，民愁盜起，其亂遂不可復支，蓋亦天人之會歟！
In the seventh month, because of locusts, he withdrew from the main hall and reduced his meals. Edit
In the eleventh month, there was thunder and lightning. Edit
In the third year, in the second month, on bingzi, because of drought, sentences of death and below were reduced. Edit
In the third month, exposed bones were buried. Song Wei, Military Commissioner of the Pinglu Army, became Commissioner Directing All Circuits in the Suppression of the Grass Bandits, with Zeng Yuanyu, acting Left Cavalier Attendant-in-ordinary, as his deputy. Men were recruited who could capture three hundred bandits, to be given office as generals. Li Maoxun, Military Commissioner of the Lulong Army of You Prefecture, set up his son Keju as Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the fifth month, on gengzi, because of drought, the cases of prisoners were reviewed, and Zhedong and Zhexi were exempted from one year's taxes. Rui, Prince of Zhao, died. Edit
In the sixth month, on yichou, there was an earthquake in Xiong Prefecture. Hong, Prince of Fu, became Grand Commandant. Edit
In the seventh month, on xinsi, there was an earthquake in Xiong Prefecture. Pei Qu, Military Commissioner of the Zhenhai Army, fought Wang Ying and defeated him. Run, Prince of E, died. Edit
In the ninth month, on yihai, the first day of the month, there was an eclipse of the sun, and he withdrew from the main hall. On bingzi, Wang Xianzhi took Ru Prefecture and seized its Prefect, Wang Liao. Edit
In the eleventh month, he took the two prefectures of Ying and Fu. Edit
In the twelfth month, there was an earthquake in the capital. Wang Xianzhi took the six prefectures of Shen, Guang, Lu, Shou, Tong and Shu. Cui Anqian, Military Commissioner of the Zhongwu Army, became Commander-in-chief of the Field Armies of All Circuits, and Li Zhuo, Commissioner of the Palace Parks, became Commissioner of the Field Armies for the Suppression of the Grass Bandits, with Zhang Zimian, Senior General of the Right Wei Guard, as his deputy. Edit
That winter there was no snow. Edit
In the fourth year, in the first month, on dingchou, sentences of death and below were reduced by two degrees, and the families of exiles who had died were allowed to collect and bury them. Cui Yanzhao became Grand Minister of Works. Edit
In the second month, Wang Xianzhi took E Prefecture. Edit
In the intercalary month, Cui Yanzhao was dismissed. The Zhaoyi Army mutinied and drove out its Military Commissioner, Gao Shi. Wang Duo, Military Commissioner of the Xuanwu Army, was made acting Grand Minister of Education, concurrently Vice Director of the Chancellery and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the third month, the bandit of Yuanju, Huang Chao, took the two prefectures of Yun and Yi, and Xue Chong, Military Commissioner of the Tianping Army, died there. Edit
In the fourth month, on renshen, the first day of the month, there was an eclipse of the sun. That month the army of Shan Prefecture mutinied and drove out its Surveillance Commissioner, Cui Jie. The Jiangxi bandit Liu Yanzhang took Jiang Prefecture and seized its Prefect, Tao Xiang. Zhong Chuan, Military Control Commissioner of Gao'an, took Fu Prefecture. Edit
In the fifth month, there was a comet; he withdrew from the main hall and reduced his meals. Edit
In the sixth month, Wang Duo became Grand Minister of Education. On gengyin, there was an earthquake in Xiong Prefecture. Edit
In the eighth month, Huang Chao took Sui Prefecture and seized its Prefect, Cui Xiuzheng. Edit
In the ninth month, the Shatuo raided the two prefectures of Yun and Shuo. The army of Yan Prefecture mutinied and drove out its Prefect, Wang Chengyan. Edit
In the tenth month, the army of Hezhong mutinied and drove out its Military Commissioner, Liu Mou. Edit
In the eleventh month, Shang Junchang surrendered, and Song Wei killed him. Edit
In the twelfth month, the garrison troops of Annan mutinied and drove out Li Zan, Surveillance Commissioner of Guiguan. Liu Bingren, Prefect of Jiangzhou, fought Liu Yanzhang and defeated him. Edit
In the fifth year, in the first month, on dingyou, Wang Xianzhi took the outer wall of Jiangling. On renyin, Zeng Yuanyu fought Wang Xianzhi at Shen Prefecture and defeated him. Yuanyu became Commissioner of the Field Armies of All Circuits for the Suppression of the Grass Bandits, with Zhang Zimian as his deputy. Song Wei was relieved as Suppression Commissioner. Edit
In the second month, on guiyou, Li Keyong, Defense Commander of Yunzhong, killed Duan Wenchu, Defense Commissioner of the Datong Army. On jimao, Keyong raided the Zhelu Army. That month Wang Xianzhi was executed; his general Wang Chongyin took Rao Prefecture, and its Prefect, Yan Biao, died there. The Jiangxi bandit Xu Tangju took Hong Prefecture. Edit
In the third month, Huang Chao took Pu Prefecture and raided Henan. Cui Anqian was relieved as Commander-in-chief. Zhang Zimian became Suppression Commissioner of the Field Armies of the East and West. The army of Hunan mutinied and drove out its Surveillance Commissioner, Cui Jin. Edit
In the fourth month, Peng Lingzhang, a general of Rao Prefecture, recovered Rao Prefecture and proclaimed himself Prefect, and Xu Tangju was executed. Edit
In the fifth month, on dingyou, Zheng Tian and Lu Xie were dismissed. Doulu Zhuan, Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts and Vice Minister of Revenue, became Vice Minister of War, and Cui Hang, Vice Minister of Personnel, became Vice Minister of Revenue: both were made Joint Managers of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. That day it hailed, and a great wind uprooted trees. Edit
In the eighth month, Li Guochang, Military Commissioner of the Datong Army, took the Kelan Army. Huang Chao took Hang Prefecture. Edit
In the ninth month, Li Wei was dismissed. Zheng Congdang, Minister of Personnel, became Vice Director of the Secretariat and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Huang Chao took Yue Prefecture and seized its Surveillance Commissioner, Cui Zhuo. Zhang Lin, a general of the Zhenhai Army, recovered Yue Prefecture. Edit
In the tenth month, Li Jun, Military Commissioner of the Zhaoyi Army, and Li Keju, Military Commissioner of the Lulong Army of You Prefecture, attacked Li Guochang. Edit
In the eleventh month, on dingwei, Cui Jikang, Pacification Commissioner of Hedong, became Military Commissioner of Hedong and Suppression Commissioner of the Field Army North of Dai. Edit
In the twelfth month, on jiaxu, Huang Chao took Fu Prefecture. On gengchen, Cui Jikang and Li Jun fought Li Keyong at Honggu and were defeated. Edit
That year Zhang Xi, Military Commissioner of the Tianping Army, died, and the headquarters officer Cui Junyu took charge of the prefecture on his own authority. Edit
In the sixth year, in the first month, Gao Pian, Military Commissioner of the Zhenhai Army, became Commander-in-chief of the Field Armies of All Circuits. Yi, Prince of Wei, died. Edit
In the second month, there was an earthquake in the capital; the Lantian mountains split open and water gushed out. The army of Hedong mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Cui Jikang. Edit
In the fourth month, on gengshen, the first day of the month, there was an eclipse of the sun. Ting, Prince of Liang, died. Wang Duo became Military Commissioner of Jingnan and Suppression Commander-in-chief of the Southern Field Army. Edit
In the fifth month, Li Xi, Military Commissioner of the Taining Army, became Surveillance Commissioner of Hunan, as his deputy. Huang Chao took Guang Prefecture, seized Li Tiao, Military Commissioner of Lingnan East Circuit, and took Annan. Edit
In the eighth month, on jiazi, Li Wei, Regent of the Eastern Capital, became Military Commissioner of Hedong and Suppression Commissioner of the Field Army North of Dai. Edit
In the intercalary tenth month, Huang Chao took the two prefectures of Tan and Li, and Li Xuan, Prefect of Li Prefecture, died there. Edit
In the eleventh month, on bingchen, two suns appeared together and fought. On wuwu, Kang Chuangui, Military Commissioner of Hedong, became Suppression Commissioner of the Field Army North of Dai. On xinyou, Huang Chao took Jiangling and killed Li Tiao. On dingchou, Liu Jurong, Military Commissioner of Shannan East Circuit, fought Huang Chao at Jingmen and defeated him. Edit
In the twelfth month, on renchen, Jiangling was recovered. That month Wang Duo was demoted to Adviser to the Heir Apparent, with a branch office in the Eastern Capital. Lu Xie, Minister of War, became Vice Director of the Chancellery and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
That year Cao Quanzhen, Prefect of Zizhou, recovered Yun Prefecture and killed Cui Junyu. Huang Chao took the four prefectures of E, Xuan, She and Chi. The bandit of Lang Prefecture, Zhou Yue, took Heng Prefecture and drove out its Prefect, Xu Hao. Lei Man, a general of Jingnan, took Lang Prefecture, and its Prefect, Cui Zhu, died there. Xiang Gui of the Shimen barbarians took Li Prefecture, and Lu Zimu, acting in charge of the prefecture, died there. The bandit of Guiyang, Chen Yanqian, took Chen Prefecture, and its Prefect, Dong Yue, died there. Edit
In the first year of Guangming, in the first month, on yimao, the era name was changed. Four tenths of the taxes of Lingnan, Jinghu, Hezhong and Hedong were remitted. On wuyin, Yang Fuguang, Army Supervisor of Jingnan, and Duan Yanmo, a general of the Taining Army, killed the commanding general Song Hao and made Chang Zi Acting Military Commissioner. Zhang Lin, a general of Huainan, fought Huang Chao at Dayuncang and defeated him. Edit
In the second month, on bingxu, Li Guochang raided the two prefectures of Xin and Dai. On wuxu, the army of Hedong mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Kang Chuangui. On renzi, Zheng Congdang was dismissed and made Military Commissioner of Hedong and Suppression Commissioner of the Field Army North of Dai. Edit
In the third month, on xinwei, because of drought, he withdrew from the main hall and reduced his meals. Edit
In the fourth month, on jiashen, it hailed in the capital, the Eastern Capital and Ru Prefecture, and a great wind uprooted trees. On dingyou, Li Zhuo, Chief Minister of the Court of the Treasury, became Suppression Commander-in-chief of Yu and Shuo. On renyin, Zhang Lin recovered Rao Prefecture. Edit
In the fifth month, Zhuge Shuang, Defense Commissioner of Ru Prefecture, became Deputy Suppression Commissioner of Yu and Shuo. Liu Hanhong, a general of the Taining Army, rebelled. Zhang Lin fought Huang Chao at Xin Prefecture and was killed. Edit
In the sixth month, Chao took the three prefectures of Mu, Wu and Xuan. The bandit of Jianghua, Cai Jie, took Dao Prefecture. The bandit of Su Prefecture, Lu Jingren, took Lian Prefecture. Edit
In the seventh month, Huang Chao took the two prefectures of Chu and He. On xinyou, Cao Quanzhen, Military Commissioner of the Tianping Army, became Deputy Commander-in-chief of the East. On xinwei, Liu Hanhong surrendered. Li Keju fought Li Guochang at Yao'er Ridge and defeated him. Edit
In the eighth month, on xinmao, the Zhaoyi Army mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Li Jun. On guimao, Kui, Prince of Rong, became Grand Minister of Works. That month Kui died. Edit
In the ninth month, Zhou Ji, a general of the Zhongwu Army, killed his Military Commissioner, Xue Neng. The officer Qin Zongquan proclaimed himself acting in charge of Cai Prefecture. Edit
In the tenth month, Huang Chao took Shen Prefecture. Edit
In the eleventh month, Wang Chongrong, Chief Inspector of Hezhong, drove out his Military Commissioner, Li Du. Huang Chao took Ru Prefecture. On renxu, the emperor went to the Left Shence Army to review the troops. The Palace Commandant-protector Tian Lingzi became Commissioner-in-chief Directing, Controlling and Suppressing for the Troops of All Circuits, with Yang Fuguang, Army Supervisor of the Zhongwu Army, as his deputy. On dingmao, Liu Yunzhang, Regent of the Eastern Capital, rebelled and went over to Huang Chao. On renshen, Chao took Guo Prefecture. Tian Lingzi became Commander-in-chief of Ru, Luo, Jin, Jiang, Tong and Hua. Edit
In the twelfth month, on renwu, Huang Chao took Tong Pass. On jiashen, Lu Xie was demoted to Adviser to the Heir Apparent, with a branch office in the Eastern Capital. Wang Hui, Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts and Left Assistant Director of the Department of State Affairs, became Vice Minister of Revenue, and Pei Che, Hanlin Academician and Vice Minister of Revenue, became Vice Minister of Works: both were made Joint Managers of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. The emperor's traveling court was at Xianyang. On bingxu, Zhang Zhifang, General-in-Chief of the Left Imperial Insignia Guard, led the military officials to rebel and go over to Huang Chao. Chao took the capital. On xinmao, the emperor halted at Fengxiang. On bingshen, Zhuge Shuang, Military Commissioner of Heyang, rebelled and went over to Huang Chao. On dingyou, the emperor halted at Xingyuan. On gengzi, the Princess of Guangde, Doulu Zhuan, Cui Hang, Liu Ye the Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, Yu Cong the Right Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs, Pei Shen the Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent, Zhao Meng the Vice Censor-in-Chief, Li Pu the Vice Minister of Justice, and Li Tang the Governor of Jingzhao died at the hands of Huang Chao. Edit
That year it rained blood at the Jing Mausoleum. Edit
In the first year of Zhonghe, in the first month, on renzi, the emperor set out for Chengdu. On renshen, Xiao Gou, Vice Minister of War in charge of Public Revenue, became Vice Minister of Works and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. On dingchou, the emperor halted at Chengdu. Edit
In the second month, on jimao, the Three Rivers of Jiannan were pardoned. Wang Duo, Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent, became Grand Minister of Education, concurrently Vice Director of the Chancellery and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Gao Pian, Military Commissioner of Huainan, became Commander-in-chief of the Four Approaches to the Capital. Li Cunli, Military Commissioner of Binning, attacked Huang Chao. Zheng Tian, Military Commissioner of Fengxiang, fought Chao at Longwei Slope and defeated him. Wang Mei, a general of Binning, took Bin Prefecture. On wuxu, Chen Sheng, Garrison Commissioner of Qingping, seized Wei Zhu, Prefect of Muzhou, and proclaimed himself Prefect. Edit
In the third month, on xinhai, Huang Chao took Deng Prefecture and seized its Prefect, Zhao Rong. On xinyou, Zheng Tian became Commander-in-chief of the Field Army West of the Capital. On jiazi, Tian swore a covenant at Fengxiang with Cheng Zongchu, Military Commissioner of Jingyuan, and Qiu Gongyu, Military Affairs Commissioner of the Tianxiong Army. That month Wang Hui was dismissed. Zhuge Shuang surrendered with Heyang. Edit
In the fourth month, on wuyin, Wang Mei was executed. Cheng Zongchu and Tang Hongfu, Military Commissioner of the Shuofang Army, fought Huang Chao at Xianyang and defeated him. On renwu, Chao fled to Bashang. On dinghai, he entered the capital again, and Hongfu and Zongchu died there. That month Li Guochang and his son Keyong were pardoned so that they might attack Huang Chao. Edit
In the fifth month, on bingchen, Keyong raided Taiyuan, and Qibi Zhang, Military Commissioner of the Zhenwu Army, defeated him. On xinyou, there was a great wind and it rained earth. That month Liu Jurong became Suppression Commissioner of the Southern Field Army. Yang Fuguang recovered Deng Prefecture. Edit
In the sixth month, the bandit of Mao, Zhong Jiwen, took Ming Prefecture. On xinmao, Zhu Mei, Deputy Military Commissioner of Binning, fought Huang Chao at Xingping and was defeated. On wuxu, Zheng Tian became Grand Minister of Works, concurrently Vice Director of the Chancellery, Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery, and Commander-in-chief of the Field Armies on the Four Approaches to the Capital. On bingwu, Li Keyong took the two prefectures of Xin and Dai. Edit
In the seventh month, on dingsi, there was a general amnesty and the era name was changed. On gengshen, Wei Zhaodu, Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts and Vice Minister of War, was made Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. On bingyin, Guo Qi, a general of the Shence Army, rebelled and was executed. On xinwei, Tian Lingzi killed Meng Zhaotu, Left Reminder. Wang Chucun, Military Commissioner of the Yiwu Army, became Suppression Commissioner of the Southeastern Field Army. Edit
In the eighth month, Shi Pu, a general of the Ganhua Army, drove out his Military Commissioner, Zhi Xiang, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Gao Xun, Military Commissioner of the Zhaoyi Army, fought Huang Chao at Shiqiao and was defeated; the officer Cheng Lin killed Xun and entered Lu Prefecture. On jichou, a host of stars fell on Chengdu. Edit
In the ninth month, on bingwu, Li Xiaozhang, Military Commissioner of Fuyan, and Tuoba Sigong, Military Commissioner of Xia, Sui and Yin, fought Huang Chao at the Eastern Wei Bridge and were defeated. The bandit of Linhai, Du Xiong, took Tai Prefecture. On xinyou, he enfeoffed his son Zhen as Prince of Jian. On jisi, Meng Fangli, a garrison general of the Zhaoyi Army, killed Cheng Lin and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. The bandit of Yongjia, Zhu Bao, took Wen Prefecture. Edit
That autumn, frost in Hedong killed the grain. Edit
In the tenth month, Li Changyan, Marshal of Fengxiang, drove out his Military Commissioner, Zheng Tian. Edit
In the eleventh month, Li Changyan became Military Commissioner of Fengxiang and Suppression Commissioner of its Field Army. Zheng Tian and Pei Che were dismissed. The bandit of Suichang, Lu Yue, took Chu Prefecture. Edit
In the twelfth month, Min Xu, a garrison general of Annan, drove out Li Yu, Surveillance Commissioner of Hunan, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
That year Wang Xu, Garrison Commissioner of Huoqiu, took the two prefectures of Shou and Guang. Edit
In the second year, in the first month, on xinhai, Wang Duo became Supreme Commander-in-chief of the Field Armies of All Circuits, empowered to grant fiefs and appointments on the emperor's authority, with Cui Anqian, Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent, as his deputy. Gao Pian was relieved as Commander-in-chief. On xinwei, Wang Chucun became Commander-in-chief East of the Capital, Li Xiaozhang Commander-in-chief to the North, and Tuoba Sigong Commander-in-chief to the South. Edit
In the second month, on jiaxu, Huang Chao took Tong Prefecture. On jimao, Zheng Tian, Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent with a branch office in the Eastern Capital, became Grand Minister of Works, concurrently Vice Director of the Chancellery and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. On bingxu, Li Changyan became Commander-in-chief West of the Capital, and Zhu Mei, Military Commissioner of Binning, became Commander-in-chief of Henan and Commissioner for the Defense of the Valleys. Edit
In the third month, Qian Neng of the barbarians of Qiong Prefecture rebelled, and Yang Xingqian, a subordinate general of Xichuan, attacked him. Li Keyong took Yu Prefecture. Edit
In the sixth month, Zhu Mei became Commander-in-chief of the Field Army Northwest of the Capital. Yang Xingqian fought Qian Neng at Qianxi and was defeated. On jihai, Zhu Jingmei, Army Supervisor of Jingnan, killed his Military Commissioner, Duan Yanmo, and the Vice Governor Li Sui proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the seventh month, Dongfang Kui, Acting Military Commissioner of the Baoda Army, became Suppression Commissioner of the Field Army East of the Capital. Zhong Chuan, Prefect of Fu Prefecture, took Hong Prefecture, and Gao Maoqing, Surveillance Commissioner of Jiangxi, fled to Jiang Prefecture. Edit
In the eighth month, on dingsi, Dongfang Kui became Commander-in-chief of the Field Army Northeast of the Capital, and Tuoba Sigong Commander-in-chief of the Four Approaches to the Capital. Han Jian, Military Commissioner of Weibo, took Meng Prefecture. Edit
In the ninth month, on bingxu, Huang Chao's general Zhu Wen surrendered with Tong Prefecture. On jihai, Wen became General-in-Chief of the Right Imperial Insignia Guard and Deputy Suppression Commissioner of the Hezhong Field Army. That month peach and plum trees bore fruit in Taiyuan. The army of Lingnan West Circuit mutinied and drove out its Military Commissioner, Zhang Congxun. Wang Jingwu, a general of the Pinglu Army, drove out his Military Commissioner, An Shiru, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the tenth month, Tang Qun, Prefect of Lan Prefecture, rebelled with the Shatuo. Han Jian raided Yun Prefecture; Cao Quanzhen, Military Commissioner of the Tianping Army, died there, and his subordinate general Cui Yong proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Zhuge Shuang took Meng Prefecture. Edit
In the eleventh month, the army of Jingnan mutinied, and the headquarters officer Chen Ru proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. On bingzi, Tang Qun was executed. Edit
That year there was a great famine in Guanzhong. The bandit of Nancheng, Wei Quanfeng, took Fu Prefecture. Wei Zichang took Xin Prefecture. Yang Xingmi, a general of Lu Prefecture, drove out his Prefect, Lang Youfu. Qin Yan, Prefect of Hezhou, drove out Dou Yu, Surveillance Commissioner of Xuanshe. Edit
In the third year, in the first month, Li Keyong, Military Commissioner of Yanmen, became Commander-in-chief of the Field Army Northeast of the Capital. On yihai, Wang Duo was dismissed. Edit
In the second month, the army of Weibo mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Han Jian, and his general Le Yanzhen proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. On jiwei, Zhen, Prince of Jian, became Grand Protector. Edit
In the third month, the sky made a sound over Zhexi. On renshen, Li Keyong fought Huang Chao at Lingkou and defeated him. Edit
In the fourth month, on jiachen, he defeated him again at Weinan. On bingwu, the capital was recovered. Edit
In the fifth month, Zheng Tian became Grand Minister of Education, and Zheng Congdang, Regent of the Eastern Capital and acting Grand Minister of Works, became Grand Minister of Works: both were made Joint Managers of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Zhang Gui, a general of Huainan, took Fu Prefecture. Qin Zongquan, Military Commissioner of the Fengguo Army, rebelled and went over to Huang Chao. Edit
In the seventh month, Zhu Quanzhong, Deputy Grand Military Commissioner of the Xuanwu Army, became Chief Suppression Commissioner of the Northeast. Zheng Tian was dismissed. Pei Che, Minister of War in charge of Public Revenue, was made Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
In the eighth month, Huang Chao and Qin Zongquan raided Chen Prefecture. Han Shide, a general of Huainan, took Yue Prefecture. Edit
In the ninth month, Shi Pu, Military Commissioner of the Wuning Army, became Commander-in-chief of the Troops of the East. Edit
That autumn there was an earthquake in Jin Prefecture. Edit
In the tenth month, the bandit of Quanjiao, Xu Qing, took Chu Prefecture. Li Keyong took Lu Prefecture, and its Prefect, Li Yinrui, died there. Edit
In the eleventh month, on renshen, Gao Renhou, Marshal of Jiannan Xichuan, fought Qian Neng at Qiong Prefecture and defeated him. Edit
In the twelfth month, Lu Yanhong, a general of the Zhongwu Army, drove out Niu Xu, Military Commissioner of Xingyuan, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
That year Cao Cunshi, a general of the Tianping Army, recovered Yun Prefecture. Dong Chang, garrison general of Shijing, drove out Lu Shenzhong, Prefect of Hangzhou. Edit
In the fourth year, in the first month, Wang Zhen, a general of Wu Prefecture, seized his Prefect, Huang Jie, and rebelled to go over to Dong Chang. Edit
In the second month, Zhen was executed. Jiang Gui, a general of Puyang, took Wu Prefecture. The bandit of Shu Prefecture, Wu Jiong, drove out its Prefect, Gao Yu. Edit
In the third month, on jiazi, Yang Shili, Deputy Grand Military Commissioner of Jiannan Dongchuan, rebelled, and Chen Jingxuan, Military Commissioner of Xichuan, became Chief Directing and Suppression Commissioner of Xichuan, Dongchuan and Shannan West Circuit. Lu Shenzhong, the former Prefect of Hangzhou, took E Prefecture. Edit
In the fifth month, on xinyou, Zhu Quanzhong fought Huang Chao and defeated him. On xinwei, Li Keyong, Military Commissioner of Hedong, fought Chao at Yuanju and defeated him. On guiyou, Gao Renhou became Military Commissioner of Jiannan Dongchuan to attack Yang Shili. On renwu, Chen Yan, Deputy Militia Commissioner of Fujian, drove out his Surveillance Commissioner, Zheng Yi, and proclaimed himself Surveillance Commissioner. Edit
In the sixth month, on yimao, the Three Rivers of Jiannan were pardoned. The bones in the capital region were buried. Edit
In the seventh month, on xinyou, Yang Shili was executed. On renwu, Huang Chao was executed. Edit
In the ninth month, Lu Yanhong, Military Commissioner of Shannan West Circuit, rebelled. Edit
In the tenth month, Xiao Gou became Grand Minister of Works. Edit
In the eleventh month, Lu Yanhong took Xu Prefecture, killed its Military Commissioner, Zhou Ji, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the twelfth month, on jiawu, Zhang Gui, Marshal of Jingnan, drove out his Military Commissioner, Chen Ru, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Bandits killed Wang Duo, Military Commissioner of the Yichang Army. Edit
That year there was a great famine in Guanzhong. Zhu Xuan, Prefect of Pu Prefecture, drove out Cao Cunshi, Military Commissioner of the Tianping Army, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Du Hong, a general of the Wuchang Army, took Yue Prefecture. Edit
In the first year of Guangqi, in the first month, on gengchen, Cheng Rui, a general of the Jingnan army, took Gui Prefecture. That month Wang Xu took the two prefectures of Ting and Zhang. The bandit of Nankang, Lu Guangchou, took Qian Prefecture. Edit
In the third month, on dingmao, the emperor arrived back from Chengdu. On jisi, there was a general amnesty and the era name was changed. Shi Pu became Commander-in-chief of the Troops of the Field Armies on the Four Sides of Cai Prefecture. Xiao Gou became Grand Minister of Education, and Wei Zhaodu Grand Minister of Works. Edit
In the fourth month, Wu Jiong was executed. Qin Zongquan took Xiang Prefecture, and Liu Jurong, Military Commissioner of Shannan East Circuit, fled to Chengdu. The bandit of Wudang, Feng Xingxi, took Jun Prefecture and drove out its Prefect, Lu Ye. Edit
In the fifth month, the assembled officials presented the honorific title Emperor Zhide Guanglie. Edit
In the sixth month, the Lulong Army of You Prefecture mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Li Keju, and his general Li Quanzhong proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. On renxu, Qin Zongquan took the Eastern Capital. Edit
In the seventh month, the Yichang Army mutinied and drove out its Military Commissioner, Yang Quanmei, and the headquarters officer Lu Yanwei proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the eighth month, the bandit of Guang Prefecture, Wang Chao, seized Wang Xu. On jiayin, the Right Rectifier of Omissions Chang Jun was killed. Le Yanzhen killed Ma Shuang, Prefect of Ming Prefecture. Edit
In the ninth month, Wang Chongrong, Military Commissioner of Hezhong, rebelled, and Zhu Mei, Military Commissioner of Binning, attacked him. Edit
In the tenth month, on guichou, Zhu Quanzhong fought Qin Zongquan at Shuangqiu and was defeated. Edit
In the eleventh month, Li Keyong, Military Commissioner of Hedong, rebelled and joined Wang Chongrong; Chongrong and Keyong raided Tong Prefecture, and its Prefect, Guo Zhang, died there. Edit
In the twelfth month, on guiyou, Zhu Mei fought Wang Chongrong and Li Keyong at Shayuan and was defeated. On yihai, Keyong invaded the capital. On bingzi, the emperor went to Fengxiang. Edit
In the second year, in the first month, on xinsi, Zhang Yu, a general of the Zhenhai Army, took Chang Prefecture. On wuzi, the emperor went to Xingyuan. On guisi, Zhu Mei rebelled and raided Fengxiang. Edit
In the second month, Zheng Congdang became Grand Mentor. Edit
In the third month, on renwu, Shi Junshe, Military Commissioner of Shannan West Circuit, fled to Fengxiang. Zheng Junxiong, Prefect of Suizhou, took Han Prefecture. On bingshen, the emperor halted at Xingyuan. On wuxu, Kong Wei, Censor-in-chief, and Du Rangneng, Hanlin Academician Recipient of Edicts and Minister of War, became Vice Ministers of War and Joint Managers of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Edit
That spring there was an earthquake in Chengdu, and a woman of Fengxiang turned into a man. Edit
In the fourth month, on yimao, Zhu Mei entered the capital with Yun, the Prince of Xiang by succession. Edit
In the fifth month, on bingxu, a comet appeared in the lodges Ji and Wei. Ding Congshi, a general of the Wuning Army, took Chang Prefecture and drove out its Prefect, Zhang Yu. Edit
In the sixth month, Huang Hao, a general of Huaixi, killed Min Xu, Military Commissioner of the Qinhua Army. Zhou Yue, Prefect of Hengzhou, took Tan Prefecture and proclaimed himself Military Commissioner. Edit
In the seventh month, Qin Zongquan took Xu Prefecture, and Lu Yanhong, Military Commissioner of the Zhongwu Army, died there. Edit
In the eighth month, Wang Chao took Quan Prefecture, and its Prefect, Liao Yanruo, died there. Li Quanzhong, Military Commissioner of the Lulong Army of You Prefecture, died, and his son Kuangwei proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the ninth month, a star fell at Yang Prefecture. On wuyin, Wang Xingyu, a general of the Jingnan Army, took the two prefectures of Xing and Feng. Edit
In the tenth month, on bingwu, Yun, the Prince of Xiang by succession, set himself up as emperor and honored the emperor as Taishang Yuanhuang Shengdi. Zhu Quanzhong took Hua Prefecture and seized An Shiru, Military Commissioner of the Yicheng Army. On bingchen, Dong Chang, Prefect of Hangzhou, attacked Yue Prefecture, and Liu Hanhong, Surveillance Commissioner of Zhedong, fled to Tai Prefecture. That month Zhuge Shuang, Military Commissioner of Heyang, died, and his son Zhongfang proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. Man Cun, Vanguard Commissioner of the Shence Field Army, recovered the two prefectures of Xing and Feng. Yang Sheng, Military Commissioner of the Ganyi Army, took Wen Prefecture. Zhang Xiong, a general of the Wuning Army, took Su Prefecture. Edit
In the eleventh month, on gengzi, Qin Zongquan took Zheng Prefecture. Edit
In the twelfth month, there was an earthquake in Wei Prefecture. On bingwu, Du Xiong, Prefect of Tai Prefecture, seized Liu Hanhong and surrendered to Dong Chang. Chang proclaimed himself Surveillance Commissioner of Zhedong. On bingchen, Zhu Mei was executed. On dingsi, Yun was executed. Qin Zongquan took Meng Prefecture, and Zhuge Zhongfang fled to Bian Prefecture. Edit
That year Zhu Jin, a general of the Tianping Army, drove out Qi Kerang, Military Commissioner of the Taining Army, and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. The bandit of Xiangyin, Deng Jinsi, took Yue Prefecture. Du Hong took E Prefecture and proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner of the Wuchang Army. Edit
In the third year, in the third month, on guiwei, Xiao Gou, Pei Che and Zheng Changtu, Vice Minister of War, were found guilty and executed. On renchen, the emperor went to Fengxiang. Zheng Congdang was dismissed. Wei Zhaodu became Grand Minister of Education. On guisi, Liu Hao, a general of the Zhenhai Army, drove out his Military Commissioner, Zhou Bao, and Xue Lang, Commissioner for Auditing Public Revenue, proclaimed himself in charge of the prefecture. Edit
In the fourth month, on jiachen, Xu Yue, Garrison Commissioner of Liuhe, took Su Prefecture and drove out its Prefect, Zhang Xiong. On jiazi, Bi Shiduo, Army Commissioner of Huainan, took Yang Prefecture and seized his Military Commissioner, Gao Pian. That month a mountain collapsed in Wei Prefecture. Edit
In the fifth month, on jiaxu, Qin Yan, Surveillance Commissioner of Xuanshe, entered Yang Prefecture. On guiwei, Qin Zongquan took Zheng Prefecture. Edit
In the sixth month, he took Meng Prefecture; Li Hanzhi, a general of Heyang, entered Meng Prefecture, and Zhang Quanyi entered the Eastern Capital. On jiyou, Li Changfu, Military Commissioner of Fengxiang, rebelled. On gengxu, he attacked the Da'an Gate, failed, and fled to Long Prefecture. On renzi, Li Maozhen, Military Commissioner of the Wuding Army, became Suppression Commissioner of Long Prefecture. On dingsi, Chang Xingru, a general of the Huguo Army, killed his Military Commissioner, Wang Chongrong, and Chongrong's elder brother Chongying proclaimed himself Acting Military Commissioner. On renxu, Xie Yin, a general of Bo Prefecture, drove out his Prefect, Song Gun. Edit
In the seventh month, on dinghai, sentences of death and below were reduced; the descendants of the meritorious officials of the Zhenguan, Kaiyuan, Jianzhong and Xingyuan eras each had one son given a regular post of the ninth rank; the emperor's ordinary meals were reduced by a third; and people aged ninety and over were given grain and silk. In the seventh month, Li Changfu was executed. Edit
In the eighth month, Wei Zhaodu became Grand Protector. On renyin, Xie Yin was executed. Zhu Quanzhong took Bo Prefecture. On renzi, he took Cao Prefecture, and its Prefect, Qiu Hongli, died there. Edit
In the ninth month, Zhang Jun, Vice Minister of Revenue in charge of Public Revenue, became Vice Minister of War and Joint Manager of Affairs with the Secretariat-Chancellery. Qin Yan killed Gao Pian. Edit
In the tenth month, on dingwei, Zhu Quanzhong took Pu Prefecture. On jiayin, he enfeoffed his son Sheng as Prince of Yi. Qian Liu, Prefect of Hangzhou, took Chang Prefecture. On dingmao, Liu killed Zhou Bao. That month Qin Zongquan's general Sun Ru raided Yang Prefecture. Edit
In the eleventh month, on renshen, Yang Xingmi, Prefect of Lu Prefecture, took Yang Prefecture, and Qin Yan and Bi Shiduo fled to Sun Ru. Edit
In the twelfth month, on guisi, Zhao Deyin, a general of Huaixi, took Jiangling, and Zhang Gui, Military Commissioner of Jingnan, died there. Zhu Quanzhong became Suppression Commissioner of the Southeast. Chen Ru, Prefect of Rao Prefecture, took Qu Prefecture. The bandit of Shangcai, Feng Jingzhang, took Qi Prefecture. Edit
In the first year of Wende, in the first month, on jiayin, Sun Ru killed Qin Yan and Bi Shiduo. On guihai, Zhu Quanzhong became Commander-in-chief of the Field Armies on the Four Sides of Cai Prefecture. On bingyin, Xue Lang was executed. Qian Liu took Run Prefecture. Edit
In the second month, on yihai, the emperor fell ill. On jichou, he arrived back from Fengxiang. On gengyin, he paid his respects at the Imperial Ancestral Temple; there was a general amnesty and the era name was changed. That month the army of Weibo mutinied and killed its Military Commissioner, Le Yanzhen, and his general Luo Hongxin proclaimed himself temporary Acting Military Commissioner. Edit
In the third month, on wuxu, the first day of the month, there was a total eclipse of the sun. On renyin, his illness became critical, and Jie, Prince of Shou, was set up as Imperial Heir-Brother, in charge of military and state affairs. On guimao, the emperor died in the Wude Hall, aged twenty-seven. Edit
Appraisal
The appraisal says: In the eight reigns of the Tang from Muzong on, seven rulers were set on the throne by eunuchs. That being so, how could the decline and fall of the Tang have come only from the trouble of the regional commanders? The court is the root of the empire, the ruler is the root of the court, and the way he comes to the throne is the root of the ruler. When the root is crooked from the start, how can one hope to set the empire straight with it? Yizong and Xizong came when Tang government was just beginning to decline, and they followed one another in benighted mediocrity. In the Qianfu years there were great droughts and locusts year after year; the people were in misery and bandits arose, and the disorder could no longer be held back. Surely this too was where Heaven and men met! Edit
The English was translated from the original by an AI, not checked sentence by sentence by a person, and is for reference; where it differs from the original, the original is right. Names are in pinyin. If a sentence is wrong, use “Edit” after the paragraph to correct it - no need to sign in.
Source: 新唐书 卷九 本纪第九 懿宗 僖宗 (New Book of Tang, juan 9, Annals 9: Yizong, Xizong)
Wikipedia: Emperor Xizong of Tang · Chinese Wikipedia: 唐僖宗 · Baidu Baike: 唐僖宗 (an article of the same name, not checked to be him)
Source
From the historical record: the notes below say where · tang-zongshi-00043
Notes (3)
- [Source] 新唐书 卷九 本纪第九 懿宗 僖宗 New Book of Tang, juan 9, Annals 9: Yizong, Xizong
- [Collation note] 本纪：「僖宗惠聖恭定孝皇帝諱儇，懿宗第五子也。」 The annals: “Xizong (posthumous title: Huisheng Gongding Xiao Huangdi), personal name Xuān, was the fifth son of Yizong.”
- [Collation note] 宗室世系表作「僖宗聖神聰睿仁哲明孝皇帝」。 The table of the imperial clan writes his title “Xizong (posthumous title: Shengshen Congrui Renzhe Mingxiao Huangdi)”.